Particulars symbol design parameter of solar still 1 solar declination angle. Pv systems have dc circuits that require special design and equipment. Pv systems can have multiple energy sources, and special disconnects are required to isolate components. Useful and practical design methods for making a single solar collector. A new type of microstepped solar still was designed, fabricated and tested in this work. Some redwood boards, a large black towel, copper pipe, a glass pane, screws, and these plans are all you need to make a solar still that will purify more than a gallon a day of salt water. Carrying out a site investigation of solar gains, wind and other relevant parameters. While this equates to roughly 42 usd, the price will make the still unobtainable for many lowincome village households. The solar still is constructed of extremely tough and flexible polyurethane film. Distributed photovoltaic systems design and technology requirements chuck whitaker, jeff newmiller, michael ropp, benn norris prepared by sandia national laboratories albuquerque, new mexico 87185 and livermore, california 94550 sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by sandia corporation. A solar still is a simple way of distilling water, using the heat of the sun to drive evaporation from humid soil, and ambient air to cool a condenser film.
A complete standalone solar system provides independence from both fossil fuels and electric utility companies. A solar rebate program and net metering can help make pv more affordable, but they cant match todays price for utility electricity in most cases. Design and fabrication of a single slope solar still with variable collector angle. A solar still is an apparatus exposed to solar radiation that consists essentially. Ali najah alshamani1,2, mohd yusof hj othman1, sohif mat1, m. Introduction 30 renewableenergybased desalination methods offer a promising solution to both water shortage and 31 environmental pollution problems that continue to aggravate worldwide. For a singleeffect still, efficiency is defined as the ratio of latent heat energy of the condensed water to the total amount of solar energy incident on the still. Introduction to passive solar buildings ced engineering. Parameters affecting the performance of single basin. The paper outlined possible design variations, but none were tested.
The power is derived from five 120w photovoltaic bp solar panel units. The solar system is wonderfully designed for lifeand for fascinating science, too. Despite the different definitions of wind speed, design wind pressures remain essentially unchanged. Hi steve, ive been using an off grid design at home sri lanka using a primitive design of solar tracking for my 14 x 12 volt dc 45 watt panels during the past 3. For those of you who read the book or saw the movie life of pi you may have wondered how he was able to purify drinking water through the use of sunlight. In florida, a good solar still design should be capable of producing. Passive solar design can reduce heating and cooling energy bills, increase spatial vitality, and improve comfort. Elements of passive solar design to design a completely passive solar home, you need to incorporate what are considered the five elements of passive solar design. Ive posted here about the square foot solar cooker, and here is another of the many uses for it. Theoretical and experimental study of the solar still coupled.
Design, construction and evaluation of a multi layered. Small standalone solar electricity systems are often used for rv power, lighting, cabins, backup and portable power systems. Optimal configuration for design of standalone pv system. Solar stills are mainly classified into two categories namely single effect and multieffect stills. Solar electric system design, operation and installation. Now i have tweaked it to work through 1 such motor. Most of these methods assume constant system load and con. If the site is yet to be determined, adding passive design factors into. Make your own distilled water from stream or lake water, salt water, or even brackish, dirty water, using these diy solar still plans. Pdf there is almost no water left on earth that is safe to drink without.
I have arranged the panels in arrays and have 4 arrays. With just a few basic building materials, a sheet of glass. Todays solar market growth the total size of the u. How to build a solar still renewable energy mother. Solar still distillate productivity enhancement by using reflector. Prescriptive gcrn values for solar arrays mounted on flat roofs 6 3. Solar photovoltaic pv systems an overview figure 2. A solar distiller of new design was built by the coupling of two confused. Comparatively, more distilled water was obtained from the solar still without submerged plate at. Details of design calculations for even type solar still. Pdf solar still distillate productivity enhancement by using. The solar still is one such sustainable 32 method that has been in operation for hundreds of years, especially in arid areas. This is double to quadruple what most people pay for electricity from their utilities.
Solar distillation is one of the simplest processes and the most significant of separation. Amimul et al 2 investigated new design, fabrication and performance of tubular solar still in their design. Passive home design worcester polytechnic institute. For doublebasin singleslope solar still, still with reflectors, flat plate collector and the mini solar pond is the finest design with productivity improvement of 127. A typical complete standalone system uses two inverters to make sure power is available. Numerical examples demonstrate the power of our model in doing a sensitivity analysis to various design assumptions. Rbi solar mounting systems solar racking solutions. Design of the solar system the institute for creation. Pdf the solar still is an emerging water distillation technology gaining. The fresh water productivity was increased by 18% in comparison with a passive still. Solar energy, tilted solar still, water distillation, mathematical model. The enduse applications are lighting via a set of fluorescent and incandescent bulbs, and a coolbox for medical refrigeration at the health center.
Experimental investigations were carried out on two single slope solar stills. A solar still is an invention that uses sunlight to purify water. These changes had its effect by reducing both cost and weight by 92% and 61% respectively. Two basic types of solar stills are box and pit stills.
Sopian1 1solar energy research institute seri, universiti kebangsaan malaysia, 43600 bangi, malaysia 2almusaib technical college, alfurat alawsat technical university, 51009 babylon, iraq. The process is not as easy as sticking some saltwater on a tray in the sun and presto drinking water. Coast guard personnel who design powered aids to navigation power systems. The results are obtained by evaporation of the dirtysaline water and fetching it out as puredrinkable water. Parabolic solar water distillation solar energy at sdsu. Modifying still design, temperatures of ambient, inner glass, basin water, oil cycle, solar radiation. The study of all these effects leads to modification in design of solar still to enhance its productivity. Your city logo here structural criteria for residential. Distributed photovoltaic systems design and technology. Basic design and installation training guide page 4 the basic design and installation of small solar home systems 1. Discovering the truth the lord has hidden for us to search out and find is the fun and thrill of science. Effect of various parameters on augmentation of distillate.
Since, solar still production rate concerned by various. Single basin solar distillation with parabolic reflector is an excellent device to overcome these. Under asce 710cbc 20, the design wind speed has increased to 110 mph max. Solar still,a water purifying technique project report 1. Brackish water, or organic matter is carefully placed inside solar still via an inlet near the base of the still. Both benefits reveal the richness of the lords creativity.
Numerous stud ies have been conducted to develop a sizing method which is both easy to apply and highly reliable 6. Design techniques passive solar design integrates a combination. What examples have we discovered in our own solar system. Different design and operational parameters as well as heat losses are the causes. Bill gates once again shunned solar power from his vision for energy access in africa in his talk at the university of pretoria in south africa on sunday, where he argued that whilst cheap. Utilityinteractive pv systems require an interface with. Design your racking and mounting structures that work with your frame to form a complete, unified structure. In a solar still, impure water is contained outside the collector, where it is evaporated by sunlight shining through clear plastic. They try to reduce the weight and increase the durability of their still by using available materials resulting in a cost reduction of still.
The film is approved for potable water use by the national sanitation foundation and the fda, and is specially formulated to resist damage from being exposed to the suns ultraviolet rays. A solar still was designed and tested with different brackish waters. Hence various investigation has been done by scientists and researcher to improve the performance of solar still by inspecting various design. Solar electric system design, operation and installation an overview for builders in the u. Passive solar design combines natural effects, such as prevailing winds and solar energy transfer mechanisms, with intelligent design to create considerable benefits in maintaining a comfortable environment. The schematic of microstepped solar still is shown in fig. Inherently flexible passive solar design principles typically accrue energy benefits with low maintenance risks over the life of the building. Africa can swallow up both the us and china and still have room to spare. Also, because it is a system, automatically it is a bit more complex, because elements. Consequently, diverse researches extensively studied and improved the yield of the solar still by implementing various modifications 8,10.
Despite these two sections being the final parts of this manual they contain information that will resonate throughout the design and build process. A simple device which is used to obtain fresh water from saline water with the use of solar desalination process is known as solar still. A project report on solar still submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of bachelor of technology in mechanical engineering from rajasthan technical university, kota session 2012 guided by. This paper describes the design and implementation of a solar power system for a school and health center in petitanse, haiti. Aperture windows windows should face within 30 degrees of true south, and during winter months they should not be. With a proper design, your solar system will work great and cost less. Abstract this work presents the development of a flexible, efficient, robust and low cost single solar still. Out of all innovative energyefficient design of solar stills, the most significant improvement in productivity is. Functionality and efficiency are mainstays of these designs and are only enhanced by choices made in the interior and.
Committing as a design team to incorporating passive solar design principles through an integrated whole building design process. Each of these stills are further classified as active and passive type depending upon the source of heat to evaporate water either directly through sun or using some external aid like solar collectors namely flat plate collectors, evacuated tube collectors and concentrating collectors which are. Solar still,a water purifying technique project report. He is a graduate of stanford university and has held numerous national, state and. Why a solar system is different from normal technical electricity installations, because it is direct current dc. Pdf solar still is one of the oldest and simplest techniques for. As a specialist in fixedtilt ground mount, tracker, carport, ballasted landfill, roof mount and garage canopy solar mounting systems, rbi provides bestinclass solar racking systems and project management capabilities to serve project developers and system integrators. Pdf experimental study on various solar still designs. Ion imppqgy p pglantation require energy to ionize the dopant. Pdf design of solar distillation system researchgate. Sounds easy enough, but how does a solar still actually work.
Other interesting concepts to note were utilizing the air as a preheater if warm, or as a condenser if cold. In this paper, the fabrication of seven solar still designs such as spherical solar still, pyramid solar still, hemispherical solar still, double basin. Wind design for lowprofile solar photovoltaic arrays on flat roofs august 2012 report seaoc pv22012 page 5 table of contents section page disclaimer 2 committee members 3 preface and acknowledgements 4 1. A solar still desalination system with enhanced productivity. The attempt was to increase distillation yield per unit area by. This procedure may be used to refine a schematic design based on the guidelines already mentioned, or may be used to compare the merits of candidate designs in a proposal evaluation. Area and district commanders, commanders of maintenance and. Decide whether to use a penetration or ballast mount. The whole study is to support the design and fabrication of a dynamic. Design and fabrication of a single slope solar still with. The inner and outer circular tubes are positioned with a 5 mm gap for the flowing water and air to cool the outer surface of the inner tube. Paul guyer is a registered architect, mechanical engineer, civil engineer, and fire protection engineer with over 35 years experience in the design of buildings and related infrastructure. Finally, unlike the electricity you purchase monthly from a.
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